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FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

1. Why restore the Sanhedrin today?

Because the Torah itself provides for a central authority of sages in each generation to judge, advise, and teach. According to Maimonides (Rambam), “There is a commandment to appoint judges and officers in every city and generation” (Hilkh. Sanhedrin 1:1). This authority must be respected, not as nostalgia for the past, but as a pillar of the future. In a divided world, Israel needs a moral and unifying authority, above political and community divisions, to inform major decisions.

2. Why did previous attempts fail?

Many attempts have been made, notably by Rabbi Yosef Karo (author of the Shulchan Aruch), Rav Kook in the early 20th century, Rav Adin Steinsaltz in 2004, and even Napoleon in 1806. Each had its own context, but lacked a true popular foundation, unity among the sages, or national and international support. Today, the world is ripe for this voice that is both new and ancient. Technology enables sages to gather, minds are opening, and the need for justice is becoming urgent.

3. Should the Messiah come before or after the Sanhedrin?

Le Rambam établit que la Torah ordonne l’institution d’un système judiciaire complet, culminant dans un tribunal suprême à Jérusalem (Hilkh. Sanhédrin 1:1). Il mentionne également une possibilité halakhique de renouveler la semikha en Terre d’Israël (Hilkh. Sanhédrin 4:11), ce qui ouvre la voie, en théorie, à une restauration du Sanhédrin même avant l’époque messianique. The Rambam teaches that restoring the Sanhedrin is a mitzvah in itself, independent of the coming of the Messiah... It may therefore precede the messianic advent; according to some opinions, it even prepares for it.

4. Does a non-religious person have a place in this project?

Absolutely. This project is for all the children of Israel... to become an institution that honors Israel and touches hearts with its counsel, pragmatic grounding, and connection to reality.

5. The Sanhedrin as a universal bridge according to Kabbalistic sources?

Contrary to a purely national or legalistic view, the masters of Kabbalah present the Sanhedrin as a spiritual structure of universal scope. It is not merely an advisory body for Israel, but a channel for connection and reconciliation between Israel and the nations. Several fundamental sources emphasize this dimension.

1 - Zohar (Zohar III, 125b)
The Zohar establishes a correspondence between the seventy spiritual roots of Israel and the seventy nations of the world. This framework underscores that Israel's leadership carries a universal vocation: to be a point of balance and spiritual dissemination to humanity.

2- Ari zal, Shaar HaMitsvot (Devarim 17:9)
The Ari zal teaches that the structure of justice in Israel mirrors that of the seventy nations. When a just judgment is executed, it produces a tikkun, a rectification that orders Israel and the world according to divine truth.

3- Ramhal, Derekh Hashem IV, 4
The Ramhal explains that Israel is placed at the center of humanity to transmit light, morality, and divine guidance to the nations. This mission presupposes a central and stable authority, traditionally identified with the Sanhedrin.

4- Maharal of Prague, Tiferet Israel (chapter 17)
The Maharal established that the structure of Israel rests on seventy levels corresponding to the seventy nations. The summit of this structure — the Beit Din HaGadol — is the spiritual root from which order, vitality, and guidance spread to all of humanity.

5- Rav Kook, Mishpat Kohen (§342)
Rav Kook teaches that the restoration of the Sanhedrin is essential to re-establishing universal moral enlightenment. He sees in this institution the key to a just, spiritual, and peaceful order.

6- Halakhic Foundations (Rambam, Kesef Mishneh, Jerusalem Talmud)
- Rambam (Hilkhot Sanhedrin 4:11) establishes a true halakhic path: renewing the semikhah if "all the sages" of Eretz Israel consent. Some, like Rabbi Yosef Karo, interpret the term "all" as a majority rather than unanimity.
- The Kesef Mishneh (Rabbi Yosef Karo) explicitly confirms this legal possibility.
- The Jerusalem Talmud (Sanhedrin 1:3) teaches that the restoration must begin in Tiberias, the last seat of the institution.

7- The Lubavitcher Rebbe commenting on these sources (speech of 11 Nissan 5744):
The Rabbi emphasizes that Maimonides (Rambam) offers a concrete and applicable halakhic path for re-establishing the Sanhedrin in this world. Combined with the Jerusalem Talmud's tradition on Tiberias, this perspective establishes a possible, clear-sighted, and responsible return.

8 - Rav Yitzchak Ginsburgh:
In Malkhut Yisrael (מלכות ישראל) And Rectifying the State of IsraelIt teaches that the true sovereignty of Israel rests on the restoration of the three traditional pillars—Kehunah, Malkhut, and Sanhedrin. It emphasizes that the reconstruction of a central Torah authority, heir to the Beit Din HaGadol, is a necessary step in the authentic restoration of Israel.


9- Rabbi Naḥman of Breslev (Likouté Moharan II:5):
It teaches that when true judgment returns to its rightful place, “Zion will be redeemed by judgment” (Isaiah 1:27), and that “the clouds covering the eyes will dissipate.” This return of judgment—understood in tradition as the restoration of an instance of truth—opens the way to a new clarity about Israel and the world.

Conclusion :
According to Kabbalistic tradition, the Sanhedrin is not an institution turned inward, but a universal axis. It represents a cosmic mirror of the nations, a channel of healing, a source of vitality and morality for the world. It is indispensable for leading humanity toward messianic unity, channeling the blessing of Israel to all nations.

6. What about Muslims?

According to the Quran (Surah 5:44): “We have revealed the Torah, wherein is guidance and light...” Israel is recognized as a people of guidance and justice... a project of reconciliation and prophetic clarity.

7. And Christians?

The Sanhedrin was in place at the time of Jesus and recognized as an authority... the nations would recognize this process (Isaiah 2; Micah 4) and “the Torah will go forth from Zion.”

8. What about atheists?

It’s also a matter of reason... to become an institution that honors Israel and touches hearts with its counsel, pragmatic grounding, and connection to reality.

9. Is this a political project?

This project is not affiliated with any political party. It stands above politics, in continuity with a national spiritual tradition. Its decisions may nonetheless inform public life by offering ethical guidance, calls for justice, and concrete recommendations to address our society’s dysfunctions.

10. Is it compatible with democracy?

Yes—fully. The Sanhedrine does not seek to replace the government, but to provide moral guidance. It can serve in an advisory capacity—as a “national conscience”—and adopt decisions in spiritual, ethical, and social-justice matters.

11. What is the final goal?

To restore Israel’s spiritual unity, enable authentic peace with the nations, and open a path of justice, truth and prophetic inspiration for the whole world. The Sanhedrin is not an end in itself: it is a key — to a new stage of history, announced for millennia, and made possible today… by you.

והיה יהוה למלך על כל הארץ ביום ההוא יהיה יהוה אחד ושמו אחד - And the Lord shall be king over all the earth: in that day shall there be one Lord, and his name one.

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